Umhlahlandlela wabaqalayo ku-PHP Programming

I-php entwickler iwulimi lombhalo womugqa womyalo

I-PHP iwulimi olusetshenziswa kakhulu lomthombo ovulekile wescript. Iwusizo ikakhulukazi ekuthuthukisweni kwewebhu ngenxa yekhono layo lokushumeka ku-HTML. Ukuze usebenzise iskripthi se-PHP, umhumushi womugqa womyalo kufanele abuyekezwe enguqulweni yakamuva ezinzile. Ulimi lokubhala lomugqa womyalo we-PHP ludinga izingxenye ezintathu: iseva yewebhu, isiphequluli sewebhu, kanye ne-PHP. Izinhlelo ze-PHP zenziwa kuseva futhi okukhiphayo kuboniswa kusiphequluli sewebhu.

I-PHP isekela izinhlobo ezimbili zokuguquguquka: inombolo ephelele futhi kabili. I-Integer wuhlobo lwedatha oluqondene nenkundla, kuyilapho okuphindwe kabili kuwuhlobo lwedatha olunembe kanye. Olunye uhlobo iyunithi yezinhlamvu, okungacashunwa eyodwa noma kabili. I-var_dump() umyalo ulahla ulwazi mayelana nenani lamanje lokuguquguquka. Var_export() ikuvumela ukuthi uthumele inani lokuguquguquka kukhodi ye-PHP. Umyalo ofanayo uthi print_r(), ephrinta inani lokuguquguquka ngendlela efundeka umuntu.

I-PHP ibhekwa njenge-Perl elandelayo. Amawebhusayithi amaningi adumile nezinsizakalo zisebenzisa i-PHP. Inomphakathi omkhulu wabathuthukisi, inethiwekhi enhle kakhulu yokusekela, futhi imahhala ukuyisebenzisa. Izilimi eziningi zokubhala zingafundwa ngesikhathi esifushane uma kuqhathaniswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abaningi bakhululekile, kulula ukuyisebenzisa, futhi ayidingi amalungelo akhethekile noma izimbobo ze-TCP.

I-PHP iwulimi lokubhala oludumile lwamawebhusayithi aguqukayo. Namuhla, amawebhusayithi angaphezu kwezigidi eziyishumi asebenzisa i-PHP. Imibhalo ye-PHP ivame ukushumeka ku-HTML, ngakho-ke ikhodi isebenza kuseva, hhayi kukhompuyutha yeklayenti. Ngaphezu kokuthuthukiswa kwewebhu, Ukubhalwa kwe-PHP kusetshenziselwa ezinye izinjongo. Inguqulo yomugqa womyalo we-PHP ivumela abahleli bezinhlelo ukuthi babhale imibhalo ye-PHP ngaphandle kwendawo ephelele.

I-PHP iwumthombo ovulekile wolimi lokubhala

I-PHP iwulimi lombhalo ovulekile olusetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakheni amawebhusayithi. Iwulimi lokubhalela ohlangothini lweseva olusebenzisa imiyalelo yokuhlela ngesikhathi sokusebenza futhi lubuyisele imiphumela kuye ngedatha oluyicubungulayo.. I-PHP ijwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukwakha amawebhusayithi ashukumisayo, kufaka phakathi izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu nezitolo eziku-inthanethi. Ivamise ukusetshenziswa ngokuhlangana neseva yewebhu njenge-Apache, Nginx, noma i-LiteSpeed.

I-PHP iwulimi lomthombo ovulekile lokubhala olungalandwa mahhala futhi lungafakwa kalula kukhompyutha yakho. Isekela iziphequluli zewebhu eziningi futhi ihambisana namaseva amaningi ewebhu amakhulu. Kulula ukufunda futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Umphakathi we-PHP uyasebenza futhi unikeza izinsiza eziningi zonjiniyela.

I-PHP iguquguquka ngokwedlulele. Ingahlanganiswa kalula nezinye izilimi zokuhlela. Ukusetshenziswa okuvame kakhulu kwe-PHP ngamaseva ewebhu, kodwa futhi ingasetshenziswa esipheqululini noma kulayini womyalo. Izobika amaphutha futhi izonquma ngokuzenzakalelayo uhlobo lwedatha lokuhluka. Ngokungafani nezinye izilimi zokubhala, I-PHP ayinikezi izinga eliphezulu lokuphepha, futhi ayilungele ukwakha izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu ezinkulu ezisuselwe kokuqukethwe.

I-PHP iqale njengephrojekthi yomthombo ovulekile futhi iqhubekile nokuvela njengoba abantu abaningi bethola ukusetshenziswa kwayo. Inguqulo yokuqala yakhululwa ngo 1994 nguRasmus Lerdorf. I-PHP iwumthombo ovulekile we-server-side scripting ulimi olungashumekwa ku-HTML. I-PHP ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa amawebhusayithi ashukumisayo, ukuphatha database, kanye nokulandelela izikhathi zabasebenzisi. Ibuye isetshenziswe kabanzi ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zewebhu futhi iyahambisana nemininingwane eminingi edumile.

I-PHP kulula ukuyifunda futhi iyisinqumo esidumile sabaqalayo. I-syntax yayo inengqondo futhi kulula ukuyiqonda. Abasebenzisi bangasebenza kalula ngemisebenzi nemiyalo, futhi kulula futhi kubahleli bezinhlelo ukwenza izinguquko kuyo njengoba kudingeka.

I-PHP isetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa i-backend logic yamawebhusayithi

I-PHP iwulimi olunamandla lokubhala, futhi ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa i-backend logic yamawebhusayithi. Iphinde isetshenziswe ekungokoqobo okubonakalayo nasezinhlelweni zobuhlakani bokwenziwa. Iphinde inike amandla ezinye zezinhlelo zokuphatha okuqukethwe ezaziwa kakhulu. Isetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa amawebhusayithi, futhi iyisinqumo esihle kakhulu sabathuthukisi bewebhu.

I-PHP iwulimi oludumile lokuhlela umthombo ovulekile kanye nohlaka olwenza kube lula ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu. Imvelo yomthombo ovulekile ye-PHP yenza kube nokwenzeka ukuyishintsha ukuze ihambisane nezidingo ezithile. I-PHP isetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa eziningi ze-backend logic yamawebhusayithi, njenge-WordPress. Kuphinde kube ngolunye lwezilimi ezidume kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwewebhu, nge 30% yawo wonke amawebhusayithi kuwebhu esebenzisa uhlobo oluthile lwe-PHP.

Olunye uhlelo lokusebenza olujwayelekile lwe-PHP lisensimini yezokuxhumana. Amawebhusayithi ezinkundla zokuxhumana adinga imibuzo egciniwe esheshayo nezikhathi zokulayisha ezishesha kakhulu. I-PHP ingahlinzeka ngalezi zici, kanye nezingosi zokuxhumana ezifana ne-Facebook ziyisebenzisela izingosi zabo. Empeleni, I-Facebook ithola okungaphezu kwalokho 22 izigidi zabasebenzisi abahlukile ngenyanga, ngakho i-PHP ibalulekile empumelelweni yabo.

Ngaphezu kokuthi kulula ukufunda nokusebenzisa, I-PHP kulula ukuyigcina. Kulula ukuguqula ikhodi yewebhusayithi, futhi kulula ukuhlanganisa ukusebenza okusha. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuhambisana nezidingo eziguqukayo zebhizinisi lakho. I-backend logic yamawebhusayithi ngokuvamile ikhethekile kakhulu, futhi i-PHP iyisinqumo esihle salolu hlobo lomsebenzi.

Ngaphandle kokuba ulimi oluwusizo ekuthuthukisweni kwewebhu, Abathuthukisi be-PHP bayadingeka futhi ukuthi bajwayelane nezinhlaka ze-PHP, njengeCakePHP, I-CodeIgniter, nabanye abaningi. Kudingeka futhi babe nolwazi lwesizindalwazi, njenge-MySQL ne-DB2, ezisetshenziselwa ukukhohlisa idatha. Abathuthukisi be-PHP bavame ukudingeka ukuthi basebenzisane eduze nethimba lokuthuthukiswa kwe-front-end, njengoba umsebenzi wabo unquma ukuthi iwebhusayithi iziphatha kanjani.

I-PHP isetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa imininingwane yolwazi

Ukuthuthukisa isizindalwazi ku-PHP kungakusiza uthuthukise ukusebenza kwesizindalwazi. Ukusebenzisa i-multi-threading kanye ne-caching kungakhuphula ukusebenza kohlelo lwakho lokusebenza futhi kunciphise inani lezikhathi elinazo ukufinyelela kusizindalwazi.. Ungakwazi futhi ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwesizindalwazi ngokususa imisebenzi yangokwezifiso. Lokhu kuzonciphisa inani lezikhathi i-PHP okufanele ihlanganise ngayo iskripthi futhi kuzogcina ekusetshenzisweni kwememori.

Ku-PHP, kunemisebenzi emibili eyisisekelo yokuthuthukisa imininingwane yolwazi: dba_optimize kanye ne-dba_sync. Le misebenzi isebenzela ukuthuthukisa isizindalwazi ngokususa izikhala ezidalwe ukususa nokufaka. Umsebenzi we-dba_sync uvumelanisa isizindalwazi esikudiski nenkumbulo. Lokhu kusiza ukuthuthukisa isizindalwazi, ngoba amarekhodi afakiwe angase agcinwe kumemori yenjini, kodwa ezinye izinqubo ngeke ziwabone kuze kube yilapho ukuvumelanisa kwenzeka.

Lapho isizindalwazi sithuthukisiwe, isheshisa ukuboniswa kwedatha futhi ingenza iwebhusayithi yakho ilayishe ngokushesha. Nokho, lo mphumela ubonakala kuphela uma unesizindalwazi esikhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, isizindalwazi esiqukethe okungaphezu kwalokho 10,000 imigqa noma ingaphezu kuka-500MB ngosayizi kungenzeka izuze ekulungiseleleni. Ungafinyelela ku-phpMyAdmin ku-cPanel yakho ukuze wenze lokhu kulungiselelwa.

Ukuze uthuthukise ukusebenza, kufanele uthuthukele enguqulweni yakamuva ye-PHP. Ungathola abanikeli ababalulekile futhi ulande inguqulo yakamuva ye-PHP ku-GitHub. Phakathi nale nqubo, kufanele ugxile ekwenzeni ikhodi. Ngokwesibonelo, sebenzisa izinhlobo zedatha ye-JSON esikhundleni se-XML. Futhi, sebenzisa isset() esikhundleni se-xml, njengoba kushesha. Ekugcineni, khumbula ukuthi imodeli yakho nesilawuli kufanele siqukathe umqondo webhizinisi lakho, kuyilapho izinto ze-DB kufanele zingene kumamodeli akho nabalawuli.

Kunezindlela eziningi zokuthuthukisa i-PHP ukuze isebenze kangcono. Ukusebenzisa inqolobane ye-opcode kanye ne-OPcache kungakusiza uthuthukise ukusebenza kwezinhlelo zakho zokusebenza zewebhu. Lawa maqhinga angakusiza ukuthi uthuthukise ukusebenza kwesizindalwazi sakho futhi unciphise isikhathi sokulayisha.

I-PHP isetshenziselwa ukuklama isofthiwe

I-PHP iwulimi lokuhlela olusetshenziswa kakhulu olusetshenziswa ekuthuthukisweni kwewebhu nokwakhiwa kwesoftware. Isekela inombolo yolwazi futhi yakhelwe ukusebenzisana namaphrothokholi ahlukahlukene. Kulula ukuyifunda futhi inomphakathi oqinile we-inthanethi. Ulimi lungasetshenziswa ukudala amawebhusayithi amakhulu namancane. Ingasetshenziselwa ukuklama kokubili amawebhusayithi amile futhi aguquguqukayo. Amanye ama-CMS aziwa kakhulu aphethwe kusetshenziswa i-PHP afaka i-WordPress, I-Drupal, Joomla, kanye ne-MediaWiki.

I-PHP iwulimi olunamandla lokuklama amakhasi ewebhu, amapulatifomu e-eCommerce, kanye nesofthiwe esebenzisanayo. I-PHP inendlela egxile entweni, esebenzisa umqondo wezinto ukudala izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu eziyinkimbinkimbi. Cishe 82% Amawebhusayithi asebenzisa i-PHP ngohlelo lwe-server-side, futhi kunezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisekelwe kuwebhu ezingenakubalwa ezibhalwe ku-PHP.

I-PHP iphinde ibe usizo ekuphatheni izithombe. Imitapo yolwazi ehlukahlukene yokucubungula izithombe efana ne-ImageMagick nelabhulali ye-GD ingahlanganiswa nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-PHP. Ngalemitapo yolwazi, onjiniyela bangakha, hlela, futhi ulondoloze izithombe ngamafomethi ahlukene. Ngokwesibonelo, I-PHP ingasetshenziswa ukwenza izithonjana, izithombe ze-watermark, bese wengeza umbhalo. Ingakwazi futhi ukudala futhi ibonise i-imeyili noma ifomu lokungena ngemvume.

Amaphethini wokuklama we-PHP afana ne-C++ ne-Java. Ukusebenzisa ikhodi eyakhiwe kahle kuwumgomo ofiselekayo. I-PHP isebenzisa amaphethini edizayini ukuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa kabusha kwekhodi. Ngokusebenzisa amaphethini wokuklama, abathuthukisi bangagwema ukuxazulula izinkinga ezifanayo ngokuphindaphindiwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi onjiniyela bangasebenzisa ikhodi esebenziseka kabusha futhi bagcine isoftware yabo ithengeka futhi inwetshiwe.

I-PHP iwulimi lwe-open-source server-side scripting oluvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuklama amawebhusayithi nezinhlelo zokusebenza. Onjiniyela bangashintsha ikhodi ye-PHP ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, ebavumela ukuthi baphinde bayisebenzise ngezinhloso ezahlukene. Iphinde ibe nezindlela ezakhelwe ngaphakathi zokuphepha, ukuqinisekiswa komsebenzisi, kanye nomakhi wemibuzo ye-SQL. Ukwengeza, I-PHP ine-IDE enamandla engasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu namawebhusayithi.