Odinga Ukukwazi Nge-PHP Programmierung

Odinga Ukukwazi Nge-PHP Programmierung

Uma ucabanga ukuthuthukisa iphrojekthi yewebhu, ungase ufune ukufunda okwengeziwe nge-PHP programmierung. Kunezinzuzo ezimbalwa kulolu limi, okuhlanganisa ukuduma kwayo phakathi kwama-ejensi ewebhu kanye nokumiswa kwayo. I-PHP iyisinqumo esihle sabaqalayo, njengoba ivumela abathuthukisi bewebhu ukuthi bakhe amakhasi ewebhu aguquguqukayo kalula futhi ngaphandle kwengxabano enkulu. Isihloko esilandelayo sizochaza i-PHP, Symfony, kanye nezinhlelo ezigxile entweni.

Symfony

Uma ufuna uhlaka lokuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu, I-Symfony iyisinqumo esithandwayo. Umgomo oyinhloko walolu hlaka ukwenza lula inqubo yokuthuthukisa, futhi kuqeda imisebenzi ephindaphindwayo. Nakuba ingezi nephaneli yomqondisi, I-Symfony inayo isethi ephelele yezingxenye ezisebenziseka kabusha, Imitapo yolwazi ye-PHP, kanye nesakhiwo sohla lwemibhalo esiqinile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ikhodi yakho izocaca futhi ifundeke, futhi izokwenza lula inqubo yokuthuthukisa.

Njengakwezinye izinhlaka, I-Symfony yakhelwe ukusiza onjiniyela bakhe izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu ngokuzivumela ukuthi zisebenze nesilawuli sokubuka-imodeli (I-MVC) izakhiwo. Izakhiwo ze-MVC zikuvumela ukuthi wenze izinguquko endaweni eyodwa, futhi ngeke kudingeke uhlele izingcezu ezinkulu zekhodi. Uhlaka futhi lwenza kube lula ukuphatha isayithi ngokususa izendlalelo ezingadingekile nokwenza ukulungiswa kube lula. I-Symfony's model-view-controller architecture kanye nesistimu yomzila yenza kube lula ukwakha zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu.

Naphezu kokuba umthombo ovulekile, I-Symfony isekelwa ngokwentengiso. Abathuthukisi bayo banokuzibophezela okuqinile kuhlaka futhi bayalusekela ngezingqungquthela kanye nezifundo ezisemthethweni. Futhi na ngaphezulu, umphakathi wonjiniyela wohlaka usebenza kakhulu, futhi isekelwa ngisho nenkampani enkulu esebenzisanayo, SensioLabs. Ngenxa yalokho, kunezinkomfa eziningi zezinga lochwepheshe, okokufundisa, kanye nezitifiketi zonjiniyela be-Symfony.

PHP

I-PHP ingenye yezilimi ezidume kakhulu zokubhala eziseceleni kweseva. Ithuthukiswe ngu-Rasmus Lerdorf, PHP isetshenziswa ngaphezu 240 amawebhusayithi ayizigidi nangaphezulu 2 izigidi zamaseva e-inthanethi. Esikhathini esedlule 20 iminyaka, I-PHP ibe nezibuyekezo eziningi ukuze ihlale isesikhathini samanje futhi isebenza kahle. Namuhla, I-PHP isetshenziselwa ukudala izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuqukethwe kwewebhusayithi, njengokuthunyelwe kwebhulogi, izinkundla, kanye nama-akhawunti omsebenzisi. Ungafunda kalula ukubhala ikhodi ye-PHP ukuze wakhe iwebhusayithi yakho.

Lolu limi lokubhala lungasetshenziswa kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinhloso. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ekuthuthukisweni kwewebhu futhi isetshenziselwa ukwakha izinhlelo zokusebenza ezilula zokucubungula idatha. I-PHP iyahambisana ne-MySQL, iseva yedatha yamahhala. Iphinde ikuvumela ukuthi uthumele idatha egcinwe kuseva yakho. Ungafunda ukusebenzisa i-PHP namuhla ngokuthatha isifundo se-PHP. Kunezinzuzo eziningi zokufunda i-PHP. Ulwazi olulandelayo luhloselwe ukukusiza ukuthi uqalise. Cabanga ngomsebenzi ku-PHP namuhla!

Enye inzuzo enkulu ye-PHP ikhono layo lokucubungula okokufaka komsebenzisi. Ngenkathi i-HTML ingakwazi ukuphatha lolu hlobo lokokufaka, PHP can. Ngokusebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe, ungaguqula amakhasi e-HTML abe yi-PHP, bese uzilayishe kuseva bese uzicela ngaphandle kokuthi uziguqule. Lokhu kwenza i-PHP ibe yithuluzi elihle le-E-Commerce. Lapho isetshenziswe ngendlela efanele, I-PHP ingasetshenziswa futhi ukudala okuqukethwe okukhiqizwa ngabasebenzisi njengamafayela e-PDF, Izithombe ezinyakazayo, kanye namafayela e-HTML. Ngaphezu kwalokho, I-PHP futhi ikuvumela ukuthi ugcine amafayela akho akhiqiziwe usebenzisa i-cache eseceleni kweseva.

Uhlelo olugxile entweni

Umqondo owodwa obalulekile ohlelweni lwe-PHP olugxile entweni ukusebenzisa umakhi wekilasi labazali. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungase kungenzeki ukubiza umakhi wesigaba somzali lapho udala into. Esimeni esinjalo, ungashayela umakhi wekilasi labazali ngokusebenzisa i-opharetha yokuxazulula isikophu “.:”. Le ndlela ingamukela impikiswano eyodwa noma ngaphezulu. Umakhi uyindlela eyinhloko yento. Ibizwa ngokuthi umakhi ngoba isebenza njengepulani lokudala izinto ezintsha.

Ingxenye yokuqala yohlelo lwe-PHP oluqondiswe ku-Object ihlanganisa ukudala izixhumanisi. I-interface iwuhlobo olukhethekile lwekilasi oluvumela abathuthukisi ukuthi bachaze futhi bathuthukise izinhlelo zabo. Kuyafana nekilasi ngaphandle kokuthi alinawo umzimba. Isixhumi esibonakalayo singadalwa kusetshenziswa igama elingukhiye lesixhumi esibonakalayo ku-PHP. Inika amandla onjiniyela bekilasi ukuthi bangeze izindlela zomphakathi ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa. Ngokungqubuzanayo, isixhumi esibonakalayo singahlukaniswa ekilasini futhi singaba nezibonelo ezingaphezu kwesisodwa.

Kuhlelo lwe-PHP olugxile entweni, ikilasi lihlanganisa okunikiwe umuntu, umndeni, namanye amagama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umkhuba omuhle we-OO ukuveza izinkundla ezizimele ngokusebenzisa izindlela zomphakathi ezibizwa ngokuthi yi-accessors. Lokhu kunikeza umphakathi indlela elula yokufinyelela ulwazi ekilasini le-PHP. Ngale ndlela, ungagcina isakhiwo esifanayo ngaphandle kokwenza kabusha ikhodi yakho. Ukuhlelwa kwe-PHP okugxile entweni kwenza kube lula inqubo yokuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu.

Uhlelo lwenqubo

Kunezindlela ezimbili zokuhlela amakhompyutha: yenqubo kanye nenhloso (OOP). Ngenkathi ikhodi yenqubo iyindlela enhle yabaqalayo, akuyona inketho enhle yochwepheshe. Ikhodi yenqubo ye-PHP ilandela ezinye zezimiso ezifanayo njenge-OOP, njengokusetshenziswa kwezinto nezindlela. Kukhodi yenqubo, isinyathelo ngasinye senza umsebenzi othile. Ukusebenzisa iphethini noma ingxenye yekhodi, ikhodi yenqubo ilandela izimiso zokuhlela okugxile entweni.

I-PHP iwulimi lwenqubo. Ngenxa yalokho, ayisebenzisi noma yiziphi izinhlaka, okwenza kube lula ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza. Ngenkathi i-PHP isebenzisa uhlelo lwenqubo, Iningi lamakilasi alo libhalwe ngolimi olubizwa ngokuthi C. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umuntu oqalayo uthatha yiphi indlela, ikhodi yenqubo izobasiza ukuthi bakhe isisekelo esiqinile samaphrojekthi wesikhathi esizayo. Futhi inqobo nje uma beqonda izisekelo zolimi, bazokwazi ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzayo ngokushesha.

Esinye isimiso esibalulekile sohlelo lwenqubo YI-DRY, noma “ungaziphindi”. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akufanele uphindaphinde ikhodi ngaphandle uma kunesidingo. Kunalokho, kufanele ubeke ikhodi evamile endaweni engasetshenziswa kabusha. Kukhodi yenqubo, ikhodi efanayo ingase ivele izikhathi eziningi ezindaweni ezahlukene. Okufanayo kuya ezintweni. Ikhodi egxile entweni kulula kakhulu ukuyigcina nokuyishintsha. Lona umkhuba omuhle wanoma yimuphi umthuthukisi we-PHP.

Amafreyimu

Ukuthi wakhela iklayenti isicelo, noma ubheke ukwenza lula inqubo yokuthuthukisa, Izinhlaka zezinhlelo ze-PHP zingenza inqubo ibe lula kakhulu. Izinhlaka ze-PHP zihlinzeka ngamamojula akhiwe ngaphambilini nezisekelo ezithatha amakhodi amaningi ayisicefe epuletini lakho.. Lapho ukhetha eyodwa, cabangela izimfuneko zephrojekthi yakho. Izinhlaka ze-PHP zinamazinga ahlukahlukene osekelo olusemthethweni, ukwesekwa komphakathi, kanye nemibhalo. Ekugcineni, kufanele ukhethe uhlaka olusekelwe ezidingweni zakho.

Kunezinhlaka ezimbalwa zokuhlela ze-PHP ziyatholakala, kodwa kukhona ezimbalwa ezidumile ongakhetha kuzo. Ngenhlanhla, ungasebenzisa uhlaka ukwenza cishe yonke into ongase ufune ukuyenza. Uhlu olungezansi yizinhlaka ezinhlanu eziphezulu ezitholakalayo. Qhubeka ufunde ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nenye futhi ukhethe efanele iphrojekthi yakho. Nawa amanye amathiphu awusizo nama-athikili angakusiza wenze ngokugcwele uhlaka lwakho. Khona-ke, khetha uhlaka oluhlangabezana nezidingo zakho kanye nesabelomali sakho.

Uma uthuthukisa iwebhusayithi enkulu noma uhlelo lokusebenza lwewebhu, I-PHP iyisinqumo esihle kakhulu. Ngoba ingolunye lwezilimi zokubhala ezidume kakhulu ku-inthanethi, Izinhlaka ze-PHP zenza kube lula kakhulu ukwakha izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu ngalolu limi olunamandla. Ngaphezu kokuhlinzeka ngendawo yokuthuthukisa enamandla, izinhlaka futhi zinciphisa ubungozi bolimi futhi zithuthukise ukwethembeka kwalo. Uhlaka olulula kakhulu ngokuvamile lusebenza ngezindlela eziningi. Lezo ezihlinzeka ngosekelo oluphelele lwe-PHP kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zamaphethini wokuklama isofthiwe zinganciphisa kakhulu isikhathi nezindleko ezihilelekile ekuthuthukiseni izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu..

Izilimi zokubhala

I-PHP iwulimi oludumile lwe-server-side scripting oluvumela abathuthukisi ukuthi bakhe amakhasi ewebhu ashukumisayo nezinhlelo zokusebenza. Ulimi lungaphinda lushumekwe ku-HTML ukuze kube lula ukubhala ikhodi. Ekuqaleni ibibizwa nge-PHT, I-PHP imele “Ikhasi Lasekhaya Lomuntu Siqu,” kodwa yaqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi “I-Hypertext Preprocessor” ukukhombisa imvelo yolimi. Ulimi lunezinguqulo eziyisishiyagalombili kusukela 2022.

I-PHP imahhala futhi ingumthombo ovulekile. Lokhu kwenza kube lula kwabaqalayo ukuthi bafunde ukubhala ikhodi ye-PHP. Iphinde ibe umthombo ovulekile, ngakho-ke noma ubani angalakha futhi azivumelanise nezidingo zakhe. I-PHP inomphakathi we-inthanethi ochumayo nezinsiza zonjiniyela. Iphinde isekele kokubili imininingwane egciniwe enengqondo nengenangqondo. Uma ucabanga ukufunda i-PHP, Nazi ezinye izizathu zokuqala. Isixhumi esibonakalayo esisebenziseka kalula sizokwenza ukufunda ulimi kube lula.

I-PHP ingenye yezilimi ezidume kakhulu zokubhala eziseceleni kweseva, ukuyenza iphelele ekuthuthukiseni amakhasi ewebhu aguqukayo. I-PHP iphinde inikeze amathuluzi ahlukahlukene. I-PHP ihlanganiswe kalula kukhodi ye-HTML futhi iyahambisana nesizindalwazi se-MySQL ne-PgSQL. Ungathuthukisa noma yiluphi uhlobo lwesicelo sewebhu nge-PHP! Futhi kulula ukuhlela nokuguqula ulimi. Ngokwesibonelo, uma udinga ukwengeza inkambu yokungena, ungamane uyiguqule ku-PHP!