Uyenza njani iWebhusayithi usebenzisa iHTML, CSS, Okanye jQuery

Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ukwenza iwebhusayithi usebenzisa i-html, css, okanye jquery, ukwindawo elungileyo. Zininzi izixhobo kwi-intanethi eziya kukunceda ufunde ukwenza iwebhusayithi ngokukhawuleza kwaye kulula. Kodwa uyenza njani iwebhusayithi yakho ukuba ibonakale njengengcali kangangoko kunokwenzeka?

Ukwenza iwebhusayithi ngehtml

Ukudala iwebhusayithi ngekhowudi ye-HTML yindlela enhle yokwenza iwebhusayithi ekhethekileyo. Kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ifuna izakhono zokubhala iikhowudi kunye neCSS. Ukwengeza, ukuba ufuna ukutshintsha inkangeleko okanye umxholo wewebhusayithi yakho, kuya kufuneka uqeshe umphuhlisi. Inkqubo yokulawula umxholo njengeWordPress, nangona kunjalo, ikuvumela ukuba uhlaziye iwebhusayithi yakho ngokwakho. Ngokungafaniyo neHTML, I-WordPress ayifuni naziphi na izakhono zokubhala ikhowudi kwaye ikuvumela ukuba wenze iwebhusayithi kunye nokuqonda okusisiseko koyilo.

I-HTML lulwimi olusisiseko lwekhowudi oluxelela abakhangeli ukuba bawabonisa njani amaphepha ewebhu. Ikwenza oku ngemiyalelo ekhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba ziithegi. Ezi thegi zibonisa ukuba ngowuphi umxholo ofanele ukuvela kwicandelo elithile lephepha lewebhu. Ngumgangatho obalulekileyo wokhowudo, kodwa ikwanazo neentsilelo. Kweli nqaku, siza kujonga ezinye zezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzazi malunga ne-HTML ngaphambi kokuba uqalise.

Ukudala iwebhusayithi nge-HTML kunye neCSS akunzima ukuba uyazi indlela yokusebenzisa umphathi wewebhu kwaye unolwazi olusisiseko lweHTML. Umgcini wewebhu unokukunceda ukuseta indawo simahla, okanye izakusingatha yona ngomrhumo omncinci. Ukuba usaqala nje, ungazama indlela yeBootstrap kwaye uthathe ixesha lakho lokufunda ikhowudi. Le ndlela iyakusindisa ixesha kwaye ikuvumela ukuba ugxininise kumxholo wesayithi lakho, kunokuba ube nexhala malunga nokwakheka kwewebhusayithi yakho.

I-HTML lelinye lamacandelo aphambili kwiWebhu yeHlabathi ebanzi. Amaxwebhu e-HTML alula ukwenza kwaye ayahambelana neziphequluli zewebhu. Umhleli wokubhaliweyo osisiseko nokuba kwiikhompyuter zeWindows okanye zeMac zanele ukwenza amaxwebhu eHTML. Ukuba awukhululekanga ngeHTML, ungathenga i-HTML yencwadi yabaQalayo kwaye uyilandele inyathelo ngenyathelo.

Ngoxa i-HTML isisiseko sewebhusayithi, I-CSS yongeza ipizazz kuyo. Ilawula imo kunye nethoni yephepha lewebhu, kwaye isetyenziselwa ukwenza iiwebhusayithi ziphendule kwiisayizi ezahlukeneyo zesikrini kunye neentlobo zesixhobo. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuba iindwendwe zijonge indawo.

Ifayile yeCSS iya kukuvumela ukuba utshintshe umbala wemvelaphi yewebhusayithi yakho. Ngokuchwetheza igama lombala, ungayenza ibonakale njengombala owahlukileyo kunowokuqala. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba igama lombala alikho nje inombolo yombala. Kufuneka ibe ligama elinye.

I-HTML ibonelela ngesiseko esisisiseko sewebhusayithi yakho. I-CSS kunye neJavaScript zizongezo kwi-HTML ezilawula ubeko kunye nomboniso wezinto. Ngokudibanisa iCSS kunye neJavaScript, unokwenza iwebhusayithi etyebileyo kwiimpawu kunye nenkangeleko.

Ukwenza iwebhusayithi nge-css

Unokutshintsha umbala ongasemva wewebhusayithi yakho ngokuhlela ifayile yeCSS. Uya kuqaphela ukuba ikhowudi ibonisa umbala njengexabiso le-hex. Ukutshintsha oku, tshintsha nje ixabiso le-hex kwigama lombala owuthandayo. Igama kufuneka libe ligama elinye. Ungalibali ukushiya isemicolon ekupheleni komgca.

I-CSS ibonelela ngeempawu ezineenkcukacha, kwaye zininzi iindlela zokuyilungisa. Kukho iindlela ezintathu eziphambili zokongeza i-CSS kwiphepha le-HTML. La maphepha esitayile ahlala agcinwa kwiifayile kwaye anokuqinisekisa inkangeleko iyonke yewebhusayithi. Zingasetyenziswa ngokubambisana ne-HTML ukwenza eyona ndawo ijongeka njengengcali.

I-HTML isebenzisa iithegi ukwenza inkangeleko yephepha lewebhu. I-CSS ixela ukuba zeziphi iimpawu zeHTML ezisetyenziswayo. Ichaphazela lonke iphepha kwaye inokuba luncedo kubaqulunqi bewebhusayithi. Kuyenzeka kwakhona ukwabela iiklasi ezithile kwiithegi ezithile zeHTML. Ipropathi yobungakanani befonti kwiCSS ngumzekelo. Ixabiso elinikezelwe kuyo yi-18px. Ulandelelwano lwezi zinto lumisela ukuba iphepha liya kujongeka kwaye lisebenze njani. Amaphepha esitayile ngamaxwebhu aqulethe lonke ulwazi olufunekayo ukwenza iwebhusayithi yakho ibonakale ngcono.

Xa ubhala isimbo sakho sephepha leCSS, Kufuneka uchaze iklasi nganye onqwenela ukuyisebenzisa. Kukho iindidi ezimbini zamaphepha esitayela: Amaphepha esitayile sangaphakathi kunye nezimbo ezingaphakathi. Amaphepha esitayile sangaphakathi anemiyalelo malunga nemibala yefonti kunye nemibala yangasemva. Izimbo zangaphakathi, kwelinye icala, ngamaqhekeza e CSS abhalwe ngqo kuxwebhu lwe HTML kwaye asetyenziswa kuphela kumzekelo omnye wokhowudo.

I-CSS inenzuzo yokuba ikuvumela ukuba wenze iithegi eziphindaphindwayo kwindawo yakho yonke. Le yinzuzo enkulu, kuba yenza ukuba iwebhusayithi yakho ilawuleke kwaye kulula ukuyiphuhlisa. Yenza ukuba iwebhusayithi yakho ibe lula ukuyigcina kwaye yenza kube lula ukuphinda usebenzise amaphepha esitayile kumaphepha amaninzi. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba kukwahlulwa komxholo kunye nenkcazo-ntetho.

I-CSS yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yoyilo lwewebhu. Inceda ukufumanisa ukuba iwebhusayithi yakho ijongeka njani kwaye ivakalelwa njani. Ikwavumela iwebhusayithi ukuba iqhelane nobukhulu obahlukeneyo besikrini kunye nezixhobo. Ulwimi lweCSS lukuvumela ukuba wenze ngokwezifiso inkangeleko yewebhusayithi yakho, nokuba luhlobo luni lwesixhobo esetyenziswa kuso.

Ukusebenzisa iikhowudi ze-CSS kunye ne-HTML kunye kukuvumela ukuba wenze iwebhusayithi eneziphumo eziphantse zikhawuleze. Iikhowudi ze-HTML kulula ukuzikopa kunye nokuncamathelisa. Kufuneka utshintshe kuphela amaxabiso ofuna ukuwatshintsha. Okuqhelekileyo, oku kuquka iifonti kunye nemibala. I-CSS ikuvumela ukuba usebenzise amagqabantshintshi ukutshintsha imiba eyahlukeneyo yewebhusayithi yakho.

Ukwenza iwebhusayithi ngejquery

Ekuqaleni, kufuneka ukhuphele ilayibrari yejQuery. Eli thala leencwadi liza kuzo zombini iinguqulelo ezicinezelweyo nezingaxinzelelwanga. Ngeenjongo zemveliso, kufuneka usebenzise ifayile ecinezelweyo. I-jQuery lilayibrari yeJavaScript onokuthi uyifake kuxwebhu lwakho lweHTML usebenzisa iscript> isiqalelo.

I-jQuery ixhasa ukusetyenziswa kweDOM, okuthetha ukuba inokutshintsha izinto ezikuxwebhu ngokusekelwe kwiziganeko ezenzekayo. Oku kubalulekile ekufundekeni kunye ne-intuitiveness yomxholo. Ithala leencwadi likwabandakanya iziphumo ezininzi zoopopayi ezakhelwe ngaphakathi kwaye lixhasa uyilo lwewebhu oluphendulayo nge-AJAX, okanye iJavaScript eAsynchronous kunye neXML.

I-jQuery kulula ukuyifaka kunye nokusetyenziswa. Ungayisebenzisa ukwakha iiwebhusayithi eziphendulayo ngokongeza abaphulaphuli beminyhadala kwizinto. Ukusebenzisa i-jQuery, ungafaka iwijethi yoluhlu lwabafowunelwa kunye nomxholo wesimbo esimiselweyo. Unokusebenzisa ithala leencwadi ukwenza izinto ezisebenzisanayo.

Imodeli yento yoxwebhu (I-DOM) lumelo lweHTML, kwaye i-jQuery isebenzisa abakhethi ukuyixelela ukuba yeyiphi imiba emayisebenze kuyo. Abakhethi basebenza ngendlela efanayo nabakhethi beCSS, kunye nokongezwa okuthile. Unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nabakhethi abahlukeneyo ngokujonga uxwebhu olusemthethweni lwejQuery.

Ithala leencwadi lejQuery kulula ukulifunda, kodwa ifuna ulwazi oluthile lweHTML kunye neCSS. Ukuba awunawo nawaphi na amava enkqubo, ungazama iCodeSchool's Zama ikhosi yejQuery, enetoni zokufundisa kunye nolwazi oluninzi kwijQuery. Ikhosi ikwabandakanya izifundo zendlela yokwenza iMini Web App.